HOSHINO Junichi    Department   School of Medicine(Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital), School of Medicine    Position   Professor and Division head
Article types	Original article
Language	English
Peer review	Non peer reviewed
Title	Diaphyseal femoral fracture due to severe vitamin D3 deficiency and low parathyroid hormone levels on long-term hemodialysis: a case report.
Journal	Formal name：Archives of osteoporosis Abbreviation：Arch Osteoporos ISSN code：18623514
Volume, Issue, Page	15(1),pp.179
Author and coauthor	Hatano Masaki, Kitajima Izuru, Isawa Kazuya, Hirota Yutaka, Suwabe Tatsuya, Hoshino Junichi, Sawa Naoki, Nakamura Masaki, Yamamoto Seizo, Ubara Yoshihumi
Publication date	2020/11
Summary	INTRODUCTION:Currently, there are no reports of diaphyseal femoral fracture equivalent to atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) in patients receiving long-term hemodialysis (HD).CASE REPORT:A 56-year-old Japanese man receiving long-term HD for 34 years was admitted to our hospital due to a delay in postoperative healing. The patient began maintenance hemodialysis at 22 years of age. The patient then underwent surgical parathyroidectomy (PTX) for secondary hyperparathyroidism at 43 years of age, which resulted in decreased levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Thereafter, this patient's serum 1,25(OH)2 D3 level was very low because active vitamin D3 derivative was not administered. At 54 years of age, a transverse fracture of the femoral shaft equivalent to AFF occurred. Surgery with open reduction and internal fixation using intramedullary nailing was performed; however, the delay of postoperative healing continued for 16 months. A left iliac crest bone biopsy was performed and showed osteoid-like lesion and an increase of woven bone. The patient received active vitamin D3 derivative and recombinant human PTH (1-34) derivative. Twenty-nine months after the first surgery, a reoperation was performed. Simultaneously, a right iliac crest bone biopsy was performed. Bone morphometrical improvement was confirmed. Six months after resurgery, the bone union was achieved. Severe vitamin D3 deficiency and decreased levels of PTH may induce a higher osteoid state and an increase of woven bone, which may then attribute to the development of diaphyseal femoral fracture and impairment of postoperative bone healing. It is hypothesized that treatment with active vitamin D3 and teriparatide acetate may be a therapeutic option via the accelerated formation of lamellar bone for refractory diaphyseal femoral fracture of long-term dialysis.
DOI	10.1007/s11657-020-00849-7
PMID	33180218