ワカバヤシ　ヒデタカ   Wakabayashi Hidetaka   若林　秀隆    所属   医学部 医学科（東京女子医科大学病院）    職種   教授・基幹分野長
論文種別	総説
言語種別	英語
査読の有無	査読あり
表題	Sarcopenia and dysphagia: Position paper by four professional organizations.
掲載誌名	正式名：Geriatrics & gerontology international 略　 称：Geriatr Gerontol Int ISSNコード：14470594/14470594
掲載区分	国外
巻・号・頁	19(2),pp.91-97
著者・共著者	Fujishima Ichiro, Fujiu-Kurachi Masako, Arai Hidenori, Hyodo Masamitsu, Kagaya Hitoshi, Maeda Keisuke, Mori Takashi, Nishioka Shinta, Oshima Fumiko, Ogawa Sumito, Ueda Koichiro, Umezaki Toshiro, Wakabayashi Hidetaka, Yamawaki Masanaga, Yoshimura Yoshihiro
発行年月	2019/02
概要	This report was written by the Japanese Society of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Nutrition, the Japanese Association on Sarcopenia and Frailty, and the Society of Swallowing and Dysphagia of Japan to consolidate the currently available evidence on the topics of sarcopenia and dysphagia. Histologically, the swallowing muscles are of different embryological origin from somatic muscles, and receive constant input stimulation from the respiratory center. Although the swallowing muscles are striated, their characteristics are different from those of skeletal muscles. The swallowing muscles are inevitably affected by malnutrition and disuse; accumulating evidence is available regarding the influence of malnutrition on the swallowing muscles. Sarcopenic dysphagia is defined as dysphagia caused by sarcopenia of the whole body and swallowing-related muscles. When sarcopenia does not exist in the entire body, the term "sarcopenic dysphagia" should not be used. Additionally, sarcopenia due to neuromuscular diseases should be excluded; however, aging and secondary sarcopenia after inactivity, malnutrition and disease (wasting disorder and cachexia) are included in sarcopenic dysphagia. The treatment of dysphagia due to sarcopenia requires both dysphagia rehabilitation, such as resistance training of the swallowing muscles and nutritional intervention. However, the fundamental issue of how dysphagia caused by sarcopenia of the swallowing muscles should be diagnosed remains unresolved. Furthermore, whether dysphagia can be caused by primary sarcopenia should be clarified. Additionally, more discussion is required on issues such as the relationship between dysphagia and secondary sarcopenia, as well as the diagnostic criteria and means for diagnosing dysphagia caused by sarcopenia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 91-97.
DOI	10.1111/ggi.13591
PMID	30628181