菅野　仁    Department   School of Medicine(Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital), School of Medicine    Position   Professor (Fixed Term)
Article types	Original article
Language	English
Peer review	Peer reviewed
Title	Structural analysis of human pyruvate kinase L-gene and identification of the promoter activity in erythroid cells.
Journal	Formal name：Biochemical and biophysical research communications Abbreviation：Biochem Biophys Res Commun ISSN code：0006-291X(Print)0006-291X(Linking)
Volume, Issue, Page	188(2),pp.516-23
Author and coauthor	Kanno H, Fujii H, Miwa S
Publication date	1992/10
Summary	The human pyruvate kinase (PK) L-gene is organized in 12 exons over 9.5 kilobases, and the first and second exons are specifically transcribed to the R- and L-type PK mRNA. The 5'-flanking region upstream the first exon has two CAC boxes and four GATA motifs within 250 bp from the translational initiation codon. Comparison with the rat L-gene revealed four well-conserved elements in the region. The transient transfection demonstrated that the 270-bp upstream region was a powerful promoter in K562 cells, whereas deletion of the distal 150-bp sequences, which included three GATA motifs, resulted in drastic reduction of the activity. When the hypersensitive site 2 of the human beta-globin gene locus was joined to the promoter, the activity of the proximal 120-bp region was enhanced. We concluded that the proximal 120-bp region had a basal promoter activity and that the distal 150-bp region acted as an enhancer in erythroid cells.
Document No.	1445295